MIT's Tech Review talks about research conducted at UCSB creating small, inexpensive chemial detectors that can register trace amounts of drugs, cancer identifiers, and viruses. This new sensor utilizes an electrode covered in specific strands of DNA.
"When a target molecule binds to the DNA, it changes conformation. That change increases current flow through the electrode, creating a measurable electronic signal that can be read by the device. The magnitude of the change in current indicates the concentration of the substance -- the fraction of DNA molecules that change conformation is proportional to the number of targeted molecules in the sample."
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